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Acquisition of resources can be costly and individuals are predicted to optimize foraging strategies to maximize net energy gain. Wolves (Canis lupus) would be expected to scavenge on subsidies from anthropogenic resources when these resources provide an energetic benefit over … read more

Population abundance is the main criterion used by agencies to manage and conserve species and it allows adaptive decision-making in response to impacts. Its estimation is particularly important for large mammals, especially carnivores that are notoriously difficult to monitor yet … read more

Shawler et al. highlight dynamic predator responses to prey with variable migratory behavior. Wolves tracked partially migratory elk using diverse movement tactics, including migratory coupling. Some wolves moved young pups to homesites closer to migratory elk summer range, challenging assumptions … read more

Animals within social groups respond to costs and benefits of sociality by adjusting the proportion of time they spend in close proximity to other individuals in the group (cohesion). Variation in cohesion between individuals, in turn, shapes important group-level processes … read more

In July 2016, a mummified carcass of an ancient wolf (Canis lupus) pup (specimen YG 648.1) was discovered in thawing permafrost in the Klondike goldfields, near Dawson City, Yukon, Canada (Figure 1A). The wolf pup mummy was recovered along a … read more

The criteria used to assess recovery under the US Endangered Species Act (ESA) often fall short when considering social, group-living species. To illustrate this, we use recent insights on sociality in gray wolves to highlight how such definitional failures in … read more