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Posts Tagged: production

Effects of Wolves on Elk and Cattle Behaviors: Implications for Livestock Production and Wolf Conservation

Background: In many areas, livestock are grazed within wolf (Canis lupus) range. Predation and harassment of livestock by wolves creates conflict and is a significant challenge for wolf conservation. Wild prey, such as elk (Cervus elaphus), perform anti-predator behaviors. Artificial … read more

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