Resources ≀ Non-Lethal Management Tools

In 2008 the first breeding pack of Gray Wolves (Canis lupus) in Washington was documented near Twisp in the Methow Valley following an absence of nearly 70 years. In response to the wolves’ reappearance in Washington, the Fish and Wildlife … read more

We have reviewed the scientific literature regarding mechanisms behind, and preventive measures against, the occurrence of Scandinavian large carnivores (lynx, wolves and brown bears) near human settlements, and evaluated its management implications for Scandinavia. The occurrence of lynx close to … read more

Livestock – large carnivore coexistence practitioners can be more effective by expanding from a  direct focus on carnivores and predation-prevention tools to the broader social-ecological context of ranches and rural communities, especially livestock management. Ranchers can apply many of the … read more

Dogs have been employed to protect an array of resources from various species of offending wildlife. Historically, livestock protection dogs (LPDs) protected domestic sheep and goats from predators based on development of a strong bond between protected and protector. Within … read more

Reduction of livestock losses from predators is a complex problem that requires the integration of lethal and nonlethal management tools. During 2005 and 2006, we tested shock collars for conditioning wild wolves (Canis lupus) in Wisconsin, USA, to avoid bait … read more

Electronic training collars, or shock collars, have received relatively little application as a nonlethal management tool for reducing livestock losses caused by gray wolves (Canis lupus). One of the major obstacles to using shock collars on wolves has been the … read more